Know the Signs, Act Fast, Protect Your Health

Every year on 29 October, World Stroke Day reminds us of one important fact: stroke is a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide, yet much of the damage can be prevented or reduced. At Sparkport Pharmacy, we want you and your loved ones to know what a stroke is, how it is treated and, most importantly, what you can do today to lower your risk.

What Is a Stroke?

A stroke happens when blood flow to part of the brain is interrupted or when a blood vessel in the brain bursts. Brain cells begin to die within minutes without oxygen and nutrients, which is why a stroke is always a medical emergency.

There are three main types:

  • Ischaemic stroke A blood clot blocks an artery supplying the brain. This is the most common type.
  • Haemorrhagic stroke: A weakened blood vessel in or around the brain ruptures and bleeds, often linked to uncontrolled high blood pressure.
  • Transient ischaemic attack (TIA or “mini-stroke”): A temporary blockage that causes stroke symptoms lasting minutes to hours. A TIA is a serious warning sign that a full stroke may follow, so it should never be ignored.

Recognise the Signs: Think FAST

Spotting a stroke quickly can save a life and protect brain function. Remember FAST:

  • F – Face: Does one side of the face droop when the person smiles?
  • A – Arms: Can they raise both arms? Does one drift downward or feel weak or numb?
  • S – Speech: Is their speech slurred, confused or hard to understand?
  • T – Time: If you see any of these signs, call emergency services immediately.

Other warning signs include sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes, sudden severe headache with no known cause, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination, and sudden confusion. Note the time the symptoms began, as this affects which treatments can be given. Do not wait to see if symptoms pass, and do not drive yourself to hospital.

How Is a Stroke Treated?

Treatment depends on the type of stroke and how quickly the person reaches hospital. Doctors use brain imaging (CT or MRI scans) to determine the type before choosing treatment.

Recovery and rehabilitation:

After the emergency phase, rehabilitation is a vital part of recovery. Physiotherapy, occupational therapy and speech and language therapy help people regain movement, independence and communication. Ongoing medicines to manage blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes and heart rhythm reduce the risk of a second stroke.

Can Strokes Be Prevented? Yes, in Many Cases

Studies suggest that a large majority of strokes are linked to risk factors we can influence. Here are the steps that make the biggest difference:

1. Keep your blood pressure in check. High blood pressure is the single biggest modifiable risk factor for stroke. Have it checked regularly, as it often has no symptoms. If you are prescribed medication, take it exactly as directed.

2. Eat a heart- and brain-healthy diet. Fill your plate with vegetables, fruit, whole grains, legumes, nuts, fish and healthy oils. Cut back on salt, processed foods, sugary drinks and saturated fats.

3. Move more. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate activity each week, such as brisk walking, cycling or swimming. Even short daily walks help.

4. Stop smoking. Smoking damages blood vessels and makes blood more likely to clot. Quitting at any age lowers your risk, and our pharmacists can discuss support options with you.

5. Limit alcohol. Heavy drinking raises blood pressure and the risk of stroke. Keep within recommended limits or choose to avoid alcohol.

6. Manage cholesterol and blood sugar. High cholesterol and diabetes both increase stroke risk. Regular check-ups, a healthy lifestyle and prescribed medicines, when needed, help keep them under control.

7. Maintain a healthy weight. Excess weight puts strain on your heart and raises the risk of high blood pressure and diabetes.

8. Know your heart rhythm. An irregular heartbeat called atrial fibrillation can cause clots that travel to the brain. If you notice palpitations or are over 65, ask a healthcare professional to check your pulse. Treatment with anticoagulants can significantly reduce stroke risk.

9. Manage stress and sleep well. Chronic stress and poor sleep can contribute to high blood pressure and unhealthy habits. Aim for 7 to 9 hours of sleep and make time to relax.

10. Take your medicines as prescribed. Never stop or change blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes or blood-thinning medicines without speaking to your doctor or pharmacist, even if you feel well.

How Sparkport Pharmacy Can Help

Your pharmacist is one of the most accessible healthcare professionals you can talk to, no appointment needed. Our team can:

  • Answer questions about your medicines, including how to take them correctly and what side effects to watch for
  • Check for possible interactions between your prescriptions, over-the-counter products and supplements
  • Offer advice on stopping smoking, healthy eating and staying active
  • Help you understand your risk factors and when to see your doctor

If you are over 40, have a family history of stroke, or live with high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol or heart disease, this World Stroke Day is a great time to review your health.

This World Stroke Day, Take Action

Share the FAST signs with family and friends, check your blood pressure, and book a conversation with your doctor or pharmacist about your personal risk. A small step today could protect you or someone you love tomorrow.

Pop in to Sparkport Pharmacy and speak with our team. We are here to support your health every step of the way.This article is for general information only and does not replace professional medical advice. If you suspect a stroke, call emergency services immediately.